Memory Biases
Misinformation effect
Later information changes how an earlier event is remembered.
What Is Misinformation effect?
Misinformation effect is a thinking trap where later information changes how an earlier event is remembered.
How It Tricks You
It can make a reconstructed memory feel like a clean recording.
Real-World Example
After hearing a friend say the bike was speeding, a witness remembers it moving faster.
Seen Online As
- I remember it clearly, so I trust that version.
- The memory feels vivid enough to count as proof.
- Later details are getting blended into what happened.
What To Ask Instead
What did I observe directly, and what did I hear later?
Related Thinking Traps
Common Situations
Quick FAQ
What is Misinformation effect?
Later information changes how an earlier event is remembered.
What is an example of Misinformation effect?
After hearing a friend say the bike was speeding, a witness remembers it moving faster.
How do I spot Misinformation effect?
What did I observe directly, and what did I hear later?