Thinking TrapsUnderstand the patterns shaping your judgment

Practical guide

Cognitive Bias Categories

Nine ways to explore the patterns that distort memory, decisions, social judgment, belief, attention, money, data, learning, and work.

28 traps

Memory Biases

Memory is not a recording. It is a reconstruction. These biases shape what we recall, what we forget, and how certain our memories feel.

47 traps

Decision-Making Biases

Decision biases affect how we compare options, estimate risks, and justify commitments.

29 traps

Social Biases

Social biases affect how we explain behavior, judge groups, follow authority, and protect our self-image.

28 traps

Belief and Reasoning Biases

Reasoning biases shape how we interpret evidence, defend beliefs, and decide what counts as proof.

18 traps

Attention and Perception Biases

Attention is selective. These biases influence what becomes visible, what disappears, and what feels important.

17 traps

Economic and Consumer Biases

Consumer biases influence how we value things, justify purchases, and react to scarcity or cost.

20 traps

Probability and Statistical Biases

Statistical biases distort how we read evidence, samples, studies, and patterns in data.

13 traps

Learning and Performance Biases

Learning biases affect how we judge understanding, practice skills, and solve problems.

33 traps

Moral, Political, and Workplace Biases

These biases affect ethical judgment, conflict, hiring, evaluation, politics, and organizational life.